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Contents 1 VERB TENSES 2 IMPERATIVE MODE 3 MODALS 4 OTHER SENTENCE ELEMENTS 5 SENTENCE PATTERNS

[edit] VERB TENSES

Demonstrate understanding and use of verb tenses in meaningful communication.

1. Use simple present tense with:

a. the verb be in communication about personal information, occupations, feelings, location, names, and descriptions of objects and people, time, and the weather

b. the first, second, and third person verb forms of the verbs want, need, like, and have in communication about personal wants, needs, likes, dislikes, and possession

c. the first, second, and third person verb forms of the common verbs used for regularly occurring events (e.g., I work on Mondays.)

2. Use the present continuous/progressive tense in communication about events taking place at the moment (e.g., She's writing.)

3. Use be + going to to indicate future (e.g., I'm going to go to work tomorrow.)

4. Demonstrate understanding and use of the simple past tense with:

a. the verb be in communication about past locations, feelings, occupations, time references, weather (e.g., I was sick yesterday. Yesterday was…)

b. common regular verbs in communication about completed events or actions

c. common irregular verbs in communication about completed events or actions

[edit] IMPERATIVE MODE

Demonstrate understanding and use of imperative forms in meaningful communication.

5. Express and respond appropriately to affirmative and negative commands(e.g., Press firmly. Look out! Don't smoke.)

[edit] MODALS

Demonstrate understanding and use of modals in meaningful communication.

6. Use can to express ability and inability (e.g., I can lift it. I can't lift it.)

7. Use can and may to request and offer help (e.g., Can you help me? May I help you?) and to ask for permission.

8. Use the contracted form of would like in polite requests (e.g., I'd like a hamburger.)

[edit] OTHER SENTENCE ELEMENTS

Demonstrate understanding and use of various sentence elements in meaningful communication.

9. Use nouns appropriately.

a. proper and common nouns

b. singular and plural forms

c. possessive forms (e.g., John's book)

d. simple countable nouns and uncountable nouns (e.g., book/books, pencil/pencils, coffee, sugar)

10. Use determiners appropriately.

a. articles: a, an, the

b. demonstratives: this, that, these, those

c. possessive adjectives: my, your, his, her, its, our, your (plural), their

d. cardinal and ordinal numbers

e. quantifiers: any, some, many, much, a lot of

11. Use personal pronouns appropriately.

a. subject pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, they ::b. object pronouns: me, you, her, him it, us, them

12. Use adjectives appropriately.

a. be + adjective (e.g., She’s happy.)

b. adjective + noun (e.g., He’s wearing a red shirt.)

13. Use non-referential subjects in statements and questions.

a. It (It's/It was) for time and weather (e.g., It's 4:00. It's cold.)

b. There (There's/there are) (e.g., There’s a sofa in the living room.)

14. Use simple prepositions.

a. of place: in, on, at, next to, across from, etc.

b. of direction: to, from

c. of time: in, on, at

e. of origin: from

15. Demonstrate understanding and use of simple adverbs.

a. of place: here, there

b. of time: today, late

c. of addition: too

d. of frequency: always, usually, etc.

e. of degree: a lot, a little, very, really

[edit] SENTENCE PATTERNS

Demonstrate understanding and use of various sentence types in meaningful communication.

16. Use the following question types:

a. Yes/No questions and answers;

b. Or questions and answers (e.g., Coffee or tea? Is he tall or short?)

c. Wh-questions and answers:

i. what, how, where, who

ii. how much, how many

iii. why, when, which

17. Use do/does in questions in the simple present tense.

18. Use compound sentences with and, but (e.g., Maria's from Mexico, and I'm from Mexico too.)

19. Use affirmative and negative statements.

20. Use statements containing a series with the conjunction and (e.g., What languages do you speak? I speak English, Spanish and French.)

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